不同清洗处理方式对三七剪口中重金属及药效成分的影响

Influence of Different Processing Methods on Heavy Metals and Effective Components in Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma

目的：考察不同处理方式对三七剪口中重金属及药效成分含量的影响,为该药材的安全用药提供参考。方法：采用锉刀打磨、流水冲洗、清水浸泡3种方式处理三七剪口,利用ICP-MS测定三七中As,Cd,Pb,Hg含量,运用HPLC测定三七皂苷R1,人参皂苷Rg1和人参皂苷Rb1的含量,检测波长203 nm,流速1.6 m L·min^-1,流动相乙腈（A）-0.05%磷酸（B）梯度洗脱（0-20 min,20%A;20-60 min,20%-42%A;60-120 min,42%A）。结果：3种处理方式中流水冲洗效果最好,处理后可使三七剪口中As,Cd,Pb,Hg的质量分数分别降低了1.24%,58.33%,51.06%,2.70%。锉刀打磨会使三七中As,Cd含量增加;三七剪口中3种皂苷类成分总量排序为流水冲洗〉锉刀打磨〉空白组〉清水浸泡。结论：流水冲洗处理三七剪口既可降低重金属含量又能保障药效成分含量,可作为整头三七的清洗处理方法。

Objective： To investigate effects of different processing methods on heavy metals and effective components in cut of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma. Method： Cut of Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma was treated by rinsing, soaking and polishing. Contents of As, Cd, Pb and Hg were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry （ICP-MS）. HPLC was used to analyze contents of ginsenoside Rgl, ginsenoside RbI and notoginsenoside R1 with mobile phase of acetonitrile-0.05% phosphoric acid for gradient elution, flow rate of 1.6 mL .min-- and detection wavelength of 203 nm. Result： Rinsing was the best way of all. After rinsing, contents of As, Cd, Pb, Hg decreased by 1.24%, 58.33%, 51.06%, 2.70%, respectively. However, contents of As and Cd increased by polishing. The content of total saponins in different processing methods ranked by rinsing 〉 polishing 〉 untreated 〉 soaking. Conclusion： Rinsing can both decrease contents of heavy metals and maintain the content of saponins, so it can be used as a processing method for Notoginseng Radix et Rhizoma.