论梁漱溟对罗素哲学的儒化

How Liang Shuming Reconstruct Bertrand Russell's Philosophy in Confucian Way

梁漱溟在阅读罗素《社会改造原理》的基础上,开启了"儒化"罗素哲学的过程:第一个环节是把罗素视为儒家的同道;第二个环节是吸纳罗素的冲动说,视其与儒家的仁学有相通之处;第三个环节是把罗素的灵性说改造成儒家的"理性"说。在梁漱溟批判吸收罗素哲学的努力下,罗素的冲动说和灵性说构成了现代新儒学的内在环节,融入了现代中国哲学的话语体系,这在一定程度上改变了我们把罗素当作在中国现代哲学史上一位匆匆过客的看法。

Reading Bertrand Russell＇s Principles of Social Reconstruction, Liang Shuming began to put B. Russell＇s philosophy in the Confucian context. It includes three steps. The first step is that Liang Shuming regarded B. Russell as a fellow Confucianist. The second step is that he absorbed B. Russell＇s theory of impulse which shares similarities with Confucian doctrine of benevolence （ten, “仁”）. The third step is that Liang Shuming paid more attention on B. Russell＇s theory of spirit and reconstructed it to Confucian theory of impersonal feeling. Liang Shuming interpreted B. Russell＇s philosophy in Confucian way and make it to be the inner element of modern new Confucian movement and part of philosophy discourses in modern China. On this context, B. Russell is not only a passing traveler, but also a major player in the history of modern Chinese philosophy.