小麦新品种烟农5158及其亲本旗叶生理特性研究

Physiological Characteristics of Flag Leaves in the New Wheat Variety Yannong 5158 and Its Parents

在盆栽条件下,以小麦新品种烟农5158及其亲本鲁麦14号、烟农15号和烟航选2号为材料,研究烟农5158旗叶生理特性与亲本之间的差异。结果表明,烟农5158及其亲本旗叶净光合速率均在开花期达到最大,之后逐渐下降,在生育后期差异显著,烟农5158旗叶净光合速率始终高于其亲本。与亲本相比,烟农5158旗叶中抗氧化酶SOD、POD和CAT活性在生育后期下降缓慢且维持较高水平;烟农5158及其亲本旗叶中的SOD、POD和APX活性均随生育进程推进呈先升高后降低的趋势;花后7~28d,烟农5158旗叶中POD活性显著高于其亲本。烟农5158与其亲本相比具有较高的可溶性蛋白含量,生育后期具有较低的MDA含量。烟农5158在生育后期具有叶片衰老缓慢、净光合速率高、抗逆性强的特点,这可能与它开花后旗叶中抗氧化酶活性较高、可溶性蛋白含量较高和MDA含量较低有关。

The experiment was conducted to study the physiological characteristics of flag leaf of four wheat varieties（Yannong 5158 and its parents Lumai 14,Yannong 15,Yanhangxuan 2）in pots.The results showed that the photosynthetic rate（Pn）of flag leaf of Yannong 5158 and its parents reached their maximal values during anthesis stage,and then declined gradually.The Pnwas significant difference among different wheat varieties during late growth stage.The Pnof Yannong 5158 was higher than those of its parents.Compared with the parents of Yannong 5158,the activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD,POD and CAT in flag leaf of Yannong 5158 declined slowly and maintained the higher level at late growth stage.The activity trends of SOD,POD and APX in flag leaves of Yannong 5158 and its parents increased firstly and then decreased.Yannong 5158 had higher APX activity in flag leaves than its parents during 7to 28 dafter anthesis.The soluble protein content in flag leaf of Yannong 5158 was higher than those of its parents,and MDA content of Yannong 5158 was lower than those of its parents.This study indicated that the characteristics of Yannong 5158 with slow leaf senescence,high photosynthetic rate and strong resistance,may be related to its lower MDA content,higher antioxidant enzyme activities and soluble protein content at late growth stage.