拔节期追氮对小麦植株地上部Zn吸收和积累的影响

Effect of Nitrogen Topdressing at Jointing Stage on Zn Adsorption and Accumulation in Aerial Part of Wheat

为明确拔节期追氮对小麦植株地上部Zn吸收积累的影响,于2011-2012年以周麦18和济麦22为材料,研究了拔节期不同追氮量处理下,小麦植株开花期和成熟期叶片、茎鞘、穗部、籽粒的Zn含量,分析了各部位Zn的积累量。结果表明,周麦18植株地上部Zn含量和积累量高于济麦22;从空间分布来看,植株地上各部位Zn含量和积累量均随空间位置下移而降低;随拔节期追氮量的增加,两个小麦品种植株地上部Zn积累量在开花期呈先升后降趋势,成熟期则规律不明显,说明拔节期追氮能够调控小麦花后地上各部位Zn的积累和转运。小麦籽粒Zn含量与拔节期追氮量之间的关系可用二次曲线函数进行模拟。小麦植株Zn积累量对氮肥的响应存在品种间差异,周麦18在N3(底施纯氮120kg·hm-2,追氮100kg·hm-2)处理下植株Zn积累量和籽粒Zn含量最高,济麦22在N4(底施纯氮120kg·hm-2,追氮140kg·hm-2)处理下植株Zn积累量和籽粒Zn含量最高。

In order to study the effects of nitrogen topdressing at jointing stage on Zn adsorption and accumulation in aerial part of wheat,Zhoumai 18 and Jimai 22 were selected as materials in field experiments during 2011-2012.Zn content and accumulation were detected in different organs at flowering stage and maturity stage under 7nitrogen treatments.The results indicated that Zn content and accumulation of Zhoumai 18 were significantly higher than those of Jimai 22.For the spatial distribution,Zn content and accumulation in different organs decreased in the lower position.With nitrogen topdressing increased,Zn accumulation of wheat basically decreased first and then increased in anthesis stage,and variation law was not obvious in maturity stage,which indicated that appropriate nitrogen topdressing could promote Zn accumulation and transportation after anthesis.The relationship between Zn content in wheat grain and nitrogen topdressing amount at jointing stage can be simulated by aquadratic function.Zhoumai 18 achieved the highest total Zn accumulation and Zn content in grain under N3（basic N 120kg·hm-2,topdressing N 100kg·hm-2）treatment,and Jimai 22 achieved the highest total Zn accumulation and Zn content in grain under N4（basic N 120kg·hm-2,topdressing N140kg·hm-2）treatment.