煤矿工人安全心理和心理健康对安全事故的预测分析

Forecast the Coal Accident through Mine Workers' Safety Psychological and Mental Health

目的:探讨煤矿工人安全心理和心理健康水平对安全事故的预测作用,有效规避煤矿事故的发生,为构建矿工安全心理体系提供参考。方法:采用编制的煤矿工人安全心理问卷及症状自评量表(SCL-90)对550名矿工的安全心理和心理健康状况及其对煤矿安全事故的预测作用进行调查。结果:煤矿工人安全心理问卷的6个维度均值最小为2.47;症状自评量表的10个维度均值最大为1.51,超过160分占15.8%;半年内工伤事故累计次数与安全事故认识呈显著负相关,与侥幸麻痹心理呈显著正相关,与SCL-90的各维度及总分均呈显著正相关;煤矿工人的精神病性得分预测安全事故的解释变异量为3.4%,侥幸麻痹心理预测安全事故的解释变异量为0.8%。结论:新编制的煤矿工人安全心理问卷具有较好的信度、效度,可用于煤矿工人安全心理评估;总体上,矿工的安全心理和心理健康状况良好;煤矿工人安全心理中的侥幸麻痹心理和心理健康中的精神病性因子对预测煤矿安全事故的发生具有显著作用。

Objective：To explore the predictive role of the safety accidents through mine workers＇safe- ty psychological and mental health, avoid the happening of coal mine accidents, and provide reference for the construction of miners＇ safety psychology system. Methods： A total of 550 miner workers were tested with coal mine worker safety psychological questionnaire and SCL -90. Results：The mean minimum of mining safety psychological questionnaire was 2.47 ;The mean minimum of SCL -90 was 1.51, more than 160 accounted for 15.8% ;Within six months, industrial injury accident cumulative number of security in- cidents was negatively correlated with cognition, positively correlated fluky psychology and all dimensions and the total score of SCL -90;The mine workers＇ psychotic score could forecast safety accident with a protective power of 3.4% ,and the fluky psychology protective power was 0.8%. Conclusion：The new questionnaire has good reliability and validity ,and can be used for coal mine safety psychological assess- ment;On the whole, the miners＂ safetypsychological and mental health condition are fine;The fluky psy- chology and psychosis factor play significant roles in the prediction of coal safety accidents.