上颌矢状骨折的影像学特征及临床分析

Clinical analysis about the iconography characteristics of maxillary sagittal fracture

目的探讨上颌骨矢状骨折的影像学特征、分类及治疗。方法 42例上颌矢状骨折以螺旋CT三维重建检查骨折区,将骨折分型及治疗。结果Ⅰ型:30例矢状骨折线自腭突、牙槽突至鼻底向上合并上颌骨横断骨折;Ⅱ型,8例骨折线自腭突、牙槽突、鼻底至眶壁;Ⅲ型,4例骨折线自腭突、牙槽突向上经上颌骨前面,至眶下壁。结论上颌矢状骨折可发生于正中或正中旁。影像学表现呈三种类型:骨折线经腭突、牙槽突向上至鼻底或梨状孔边缘,合并上颌骨横断骨折;骨折线至鼻底、犁状孔边缘、上颌骨额突至眶下壁或内侧壁;骨折线位于正中旁,自牙槽突向上经上颌骨前面直抵眶下壁。

Objective To investigate the iconography characteristics,classification and treatment in sagittal saw fracture of maxilla.Methods The maxillary bones were measured with 3-dimensional（ 3D） CT to distinguish the types of fracture and therapy. Results The study group consisted of 42 patients with maxillary bone fracture. Types Ⅰ： 30 cases of sagittal saw fracture line from palatine process,alveolar process to basis nasi,and they always had maxillary bone transverse fracture. TypesⅡ： 8 cases of fracture line from palatine process,alveolar process and basis nasi to orbital wall. Types Ⅲ： 4 cases of fracture line from palatine process,alveolar process upwards through maxillary bone surface and reached paries inferior orbitae,and 4 patients have shown occlusal premature contact and interdental space gap has appeared in 3 patients. Conclusions The maxillary bone sagittal saw fracture could appear in the center or by center＇s side and there are three types in iconography. TypesⅠ,the fracture lines from palatine process,alveolar process upwards to basis nasi or piriform aperture border and they always had maxillary bone transverse fracture. TypesⅡ,the fracture lines from basis nasi,piriform aperture border or frontal process to paries inferior orbitae or paries medialis. Types Ⅲ,the fracture lines from alveolar process upwards through maxillary bone surface and reached paries inferior orbitae.