冠状动脉易损斑块影像学最新研究进展

The Evolution of Coronary Artery Vulnerable Plaque in Clinical Imaging Methods

冠心病(CAD)是世界上致死率最高的疾病之一,其中,以急性冠状动脉综合征(ACS)病情最为凶险,而近70%的急性冠脉事件并不是由显著地冠状动脉狭窄引起,而是由冠状动脉易损斑块(vulnerable plaque)破裂造成的急性狭窄,以及其后血栓形成所致,因此冠状动脉易损斑块是导致急性冠状动脉综合征的主要元凶,因此需要早期发现易损斑块并积极进行干预。近两年来,CT、MRI、血管内超声(IVUS)和光学相干断层成像(OCT)广泛应用于易损斑块的评估并取得显著进展,而分子影像学能从分子层面揭示易损斑块形成机制以及更加早期识别斑块进行。本文简要总结近两年影像学方法对易损斑块的最新研究进展及热点。

Coronary artery disease is one of the most fatal diseases all over the world, ot which, acute coronary synarome （ACS） is the most pernicious. 70% of acute cardiac events arc not caused by serious stenosis, but by acute stenosis followed by rapture of vul- nerable plaque and thrombus afertwards. The vulnerable plaque of coronary artery plays the major role in the onset of acute coronary syn- drome, so, it should be early diagnosed and intervened positively. With the technological progress, CT, MRI, intravascular unltrasound （IVUS） and optical coherence tomography （OCT） have been successfully used to evaluate the vulnerable plaque. Molecular imaging can reveal molecular mechanism of the coronary plaque and discover the plaque at even earlier stage. So, it is of great importance to make clear the advantages and disadvantages of all the methods and the research hotspots in the medical imaging field.