放松训练对老年冠心病介入治疗患者围手术期心理应激干预效果研究

Study on the Intervention of Relaxation Training on the Psychological Stress of Senile Coronary Heart Disease Patients Received the Interventional Therapy during the Stage of Operation

目的:探讨放松训练对老年冠心病介入治疗患者围手术期心理应激的干预效果。方法:选择2013年7月至2014年1月在某院接受介入治疗的老年冠心病患者120例为研究对象,随机分为干预组和对照组,各60例。对照组接受手术治疗和常规护理,干预组在对照组治疗方案的基础上采用放松训练进行围手术期心理干预。采用焦虑自评量表(SAS)、抑郁自评量表(SDS)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)量表和生活满意度量表(SWLS)施测,并进行比较分析。结果:手术后放松训练干预组焦虑、抑郁和睡眠质量评分比手术前明显下降[(39.28±2.32),(41.68±2.76),(8.97±2.11)vs.(48.78±5.11),(54.37±6.68),(10.88±2.21),均P<0.01],显著低于对照组[(44.78±4.09),(49.08±3.58),(10.40±1.87)vs.(48.83±5.28),(54.40±3.72),(10.87±2.86),均P<0.01]。放松训练干预组手术后与手术前睡眠质量各分量表比较,除"催眠药物"和"日间功能障碍"2个因子外,其余各因子均有显著差异(均P<0.05)。放松训练干预组术后生活满意度量表评分明显高于术前[(23.27±4.61)vs.(20.17±4.99),P<0.01],显著高于对照组[(21.15±4.16)vs.(19.90±4.38),P<0.01]。结论:放松训练心理干预技术对接受介入治疗的老年冠心病患者的焦虑、抑郁情绪和睡眠质量具有良好的缓解和改善作用,可以降低患者的心理应激程度,提高患者术后的生活质量。

Objective： To explore the intervention effect of relaxation training on the psychological stress of senile coronary heart disease patients received the interventional therapy during perioperation. Methods： 120 senile coronary heart disease patients who received the interventional therapy and were admitted to our hospital between July 2013 and December 2013 were randomly divided into intervention group（n=60） and control group（n=60）. Subjects in control group received surgical treatment and routine care. Patients in intervention group received mental intervention of relaxation training during perioperation in addition to the treatment in control group.Self-rating anxiety scale（SAS）, self-rating depression scale（SDS）, Pittsburgh sleeps quality index（PSQI） and satisfaction with life scale（SWLS） score evaluation were adopted to assess the patients of the two groups. Results： The average anxiety, depression and sleep quality scores were significantly lower in relaxation training intervention group after operation than before operation [（39.28 ±2.32）,（41.68±2.76）,（8.97±2.11） vs.（48.78±5.11）,（54.37±6.68）,（10.88±2.21）, P〈0.01], significantly lower than control group[（44.78±4.09）,（49.08±3.58）,（10.40±1.87）, vs.（48.83±5.28）,（54.40±3.72）,（10.87±2.86）, P〈0.01]. Except for two factors of ＂hypnotic drugs＂ and ＂daytime dysfunction＂ in all subscale scores of the sleep quality, the rest of the various factors were significant differences,significantly lower after operation than before operation in intervention group（P〈0.05）. The average satisfaction with life scale score was significantly higher in relaxation training intervention group after operation than before operation [（23.27 ±4.61） vs.（20.17±4.99）,P〈0.01], significantly higher than control group [（21.15±4.16） vs.（19.90±4.38）, P〈0.01]. Conclusions： The psychological intervention technique of relaxation training can improve the anxiety, depression and sleep quality for senile coronary heart disease patients who received the interventional therapy, reduce the degree of psychological stress, and enhance the quality of life after operation.