脑白质疏松症弥散张量成像的探讨

The Investigation of Leukoaraiosis in Diffusion Tensor Imaging

脑白质疏松症发病率逐渐增高,其相关的神经功能障碍严重影响生活质量,因此早期发现LA患者存在的隐匿性损伤对早期治疗及预防有重要临床意义。LA的病理生理学特点为血管内皮细胞的受损引起血管通透性的改变,从而使周围组织的弥散程度发生改变,细胞外水分子运动对信号的改变起主导作用。DTI是目前检测脑白质唯一的无创性方法,可从量和方向上反映成像的体素内水分子扩散的变化,可以测量组织中扩散的各向异性。DTI较传统的MR能更好的反应神经系统白质的超微结构的改变,为影像学与其病理生理的相关性研究提供新的方法。目前对脑白质疏松的研究主要集中在与神经功能相关区域DTI量化指标的改变,因此本文对脑白质疏松的DTI技术的应用及发展趋势进行综述。

The leukoaraiosis incidence is increasing, related neurological dysfunction seriously affect the quality of life. Early found the occult injury of LA is very important to clinical significance for early treatment and prevention. The pathophysiology of LA is vascular endothelial cell damage caused by vascular permeability changes, Thereby the degree of dispersion of the surrounding tissue changed. Water molecular motion in cellular played a leading role in signal change. DTI is the only noninvasive method to detect brain white matter microstructure, which can be reflected from the amount and direction of changes in water diffusion imaging voxel and can be measured diffusion anisotropy in the organization. Compared with conventional MR, DTI reactived the nervous system white matter ultrastructural changes. Provide a new method for imaging which related to its pathophysiology. The research of leukoaraiosis mainly concentrated in the DTI quantitative indicators of changes in nerve fi.mction related regional. In this paper, the white matter of brain DTI technological application and development tendency were reviewed.