术后认知功能障碍药物干预的研究进展

Progress on the research of pharmacological interventions in the treatment of postoperative cognitive dysfunction

背景 术后认知功能障碍（postoperative cognitive dysfunction,POCD）是老年患者术后常见的并发症.POCD显著增加老年患者致残率和致死率,增加医疗成本并降低患者生存质量.目的 对目前POCD药物干预的基础与临床研究作一综述,为POCD的预防和处理寻找药物靶点,并为围术期的应用提供理论依据.内容 概述POCD危险因素,并介绍目前已报道的POCD药物干预相关的动物研究和临床观察数据.趋向 POCD为多因素的术后并发症,目前机制尚未明了,但神经炎症反应是其重要机制之一;一系列具有抗炎效应的药物在动物模型上取得了良好的效果,这为未来POCD临床干预药物的开发和应用奠定了基础,同时也表明POCD的药物干预具有广泛的研究前景和临床应用价值.

Background Postoperative cognitive dysfunctiond （POCD） is a common geriatric complication that may be associated with not only increased morbidity and mortality,but also rising health care costs and reduced patients＆#39; quality of life.Objective To provide basis for establishing the preventative or therapeutic strategy for POCD by reviewing reported pharmacological interventions in POCD.Content The risk factors of POCD were summarize,and recently published original reports of clinical and basic research relevant to pharmacological interventions in POCD were also introduced.Trend POCD is a multi-factorial disorder with poorly understood pathophysiology.Many studies suggest that an inflammatory response is a key contributor to POCD.This is confirmed by a series of reported pharmacological interventions in the prevention and treatment of POCD,indicating the pharmacological interventions of POCD have wide prospects for investigation and values for clinical application.