小儿散发性诺如病毒性肠炎的临床分析

Clinical analysis on sporadic norovirus enteritis in children

目的：分析儿童散发性诺如病毒性肠炎的临床特点。方法：选取120例散发性诺如病毒性肠炎患儿为诺如病毒性肠炎组,50例轮状病毒性肠炎患儿为对照组;诺如病毒性肠炎组年龄〈3岁患儿分为婴幼儿组,年龄≥3岁患儿分为学龄前期组。所有患儿均在诊治当天行ELISA法检测大便诺如病毒和轮状病毒抗原,记录临床症状,同时行大便常规、末梢血血常规检查。结果：诺如病毒性肠炎组年龄主要分布于9个月-4岁2个月,临床表现中发热56例占46.7%,呕吐45例占37.5%,腹痛28例占23.3%。诺如病毒、轮状病毒性肠炎患儿临床主要表现均为腹泻、发热、呕吐,两者间临床表现差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）。婴幼儿组主要临床表现为腹泻、发热、呕吐,学龄前期组主要临床表现为腹泻、腹痛。结论：诺如病毒性肠炎婴幼儿主要临床表现为腹泻、发热、呕吐,学龄前期组主要临床表现为腹泻、腹痛。诺如病毒性肠炎和轮状病毒性肠炎依据临床表现很难鉴别。

Objective： To analyze the clinical characteristics of sporadic norovirus enteritis in children. Methods： One hundred and twenty children with sporadic norovirus enteritis were selected as norovirus enteritis group,and fifty children with rotavirus enteritis were selected as control group; the children in norovirus enteritis group were divided into infantile norovirus enteritis group（ under three years old）and preschool norovirus enteritis group（ aged three years old or more than three years old）. Norovirus antigen and rotavirus antigen were detected by ELISA on the day of admission among all the children; the clinical symptoms were recorded; stool routine test and peripheral blood routine test were conducted simultaneously. Results： The children in norovirus enteritis group were mainly distributed from nine months to four years and two months,56 children were found with fever,accounting for 46. 7%,45 children were found with vomiting,accounting for37. 5%,28 children were found with abdominal pain,accounting for 23. 3%. The main clinical symptoms of children with norovirus enteritis and rotavirus enteritis included diarrhea,fever,and vomiting,there was no statistically significant difference in the clinical symptoms between the two groups（ P 〉0. 05）. The main clinical symptoms of children in infantile norovirus enteritis group included diarrhea,fever,and vomiting; the main clinical symptoms of children in preschool norovirus enteritis group included diarrhea and abdominal pain. Conclusion： The main clinical symptoms of infants with norovirus enteritis include diarrhea,fever,and vomiting; the main clinical symptoms of preschool children with norovirus enteritis include diarrhea and abdominal pain. It is difficult to identify norovirus enteritis from rotavirus enteritis according to clinical manifestations.