经阴道超声检查对育龄女性生殖系统疾病检出情况分析

Analysis on detection situation of reproductive system diseases among the women of childbearing age by transvaginal ultrasonography

目的：了解北京地区已婚育龄女性经阴道超声检查对生殖系统疾病的检出情况。方法：选取2013年3月-2014年3月北京地区已婚育龄女性2 956人为研究对象,完成经阴道超声检查者2 564人,分析育龄女性生殖系统疾病检出情况。结果：经阴道超声检查发现生殖系统疾病患者220例（8.58%）,包括子宫肌瘤40例、子宫腺肌症2例、卵巢单纯囊肿78例、子宫内膜异位囊肿43例、卵巢畸胎瘤3例、卵巢囊肿性质待查6例、输卵管积水7例、子宫内膜息肉6例、宫内节育器位置下移9例、宫内早孕5例、异位妊娠1例、宫腔积液1例、子宫畸形6例及子宫缺如13例,其中91例需要进一步处理（41.36%）。另外,育龄女性生殖系统疾病患病率随年龄增大而升高,特别是40岁以上的育龄女性（异常检出率占11.87%）。结论：经阴道超声检查能够更准确、更早地发现生殖系统常见疾病,对于40岁以上育龄女性建议将其作为常规体检项目。

Objective： To understand the detection situation of reproductive system diseases among the women of childbearing age by transvaginal ultrasonography in Beijing area. Methods： A total of 2 956 women of childbearing age were selected from Beijing area as study objects,and then 2 564 women underwent transvaginal ultrasonography,the detection situation of reproductive system diseases among the women of childbearing age was analyzed. Results： A total of 220 cases（ 8. 58%） were diagnosed as reproductive system diseases by transvaginal ultrasonography,including 40 cases with uterine fibroid,2 cases with adenomyosis,78 cases with simple ovarian cyst,43 cases with ovarian endometrial cyst,3 cases with ovarian teratoma,6 cases with undetermined ovarian cyst,7 cases with hydrosalpinx,6 cases with endometrial polyp,9 cases with downward IUD,5 cases with early intrauterine pregnancy,1 case with ectopic pregnancy,1 case with endometrial cavity fluid,6 cases with uterine malformation,and 13 cases with absence of uterus; 91 cases（ 41. 36%） needed further treatment. In addition,the prevalence rate of reproductive system diseases among the women of childbearing age increased with age,especially among the women more than 40 years old,the detection rate of abnormalities accounted for 11. 87%. Conclusion： Transvaginal ultrasonography can find common reproductive system diseases more accurately and earlier,and it is recommended as a routine physical examination item among the women more than 40 years old.