粤北山区早期儿童龋患病状况及危险指标调查

Survey on the prevalence and risk indices of early childhood caries among 5-year-old children in mountainous areas of North Guangdong

目的描述粤北山区5岁儿童早期儿童龋(early childhood caries,ECC)患病状况,分析影响ECC患病的危险指标,探讨儿童ECC患病状况与留守现象的关系。方法通过横断面调查方法对粤北山区的河源、韶关和梅州市827名5岁儿童ECC患病状况及可能的危险指标进行调查。结果 827名儿童ECC患病率为88.6%,龋均为7.8±5.7,龋面均为18.0±17.5,龋面充填率为0.28%。协方差分析结果发现,母亲受教育程度初中或以下、有釉质发育缺陷、餐间甜食频率大于2次/d、营养不良、有看牙医行为及河源连平、韶关新丰地区的儿童龋失补牙面值较高。此外,ECC随月龄的递增而加重,其严重程度与留守现象不相关。结论粤北山区5岁儿童ECC患病状况严重,ECC充填率很低,治疗需要较高;ECC患病的危险指标是母亲受教育程度较低、有牙釉质发育缺陷、较高的餐间甜食频率和营养不良;未发现ECC的患病状况与留守现象相关。

Objectives To explore the prevalence of early childhood caries （ECC） and its risk indices among 5-yearold children in mountainou areas of north Guangdong and to explore the possible relationship between the phenomenon of left-behind and ECC. Methods A cross-sectional survey was carried out in the mountainous areas of north Guangdong. Eight hundred and twenty-seven 5-year-oht children from Shaognan, Heyuan and Meizhou were investigated for the caries status and possible risk indicators. Results The prevalence of ECC was 88.6% , with a mean dmft （decayed-missingfilled tooth） score, at 7.8 ± 5.7 or a mean dmfs （ decayed-missing-filled tooth surface） score at 18.0 ± 17.5. The fs （filled surface） only made up 0. 28% of tbe dfs （decayed-filled tooth surface） score. The results of the analysis of covar- iance showed that those children who had a maternal education level of primary middle school or lower, had development defect of enamal （ DDE ） , bad intake of sweet food three times or more daily between meals, had a Z score of Body Mass Index （BMI-Z） lower than -2 （ implyed malnutrition）, had a history of dental visit, and came from Lianping or Xinfeng had higher score of dmfs. Moreover, the severity of ECC had an increasing tendency with age and wasn＇ t significantly associated with the phenomenon of left-behind. Conclusion The 5-year-old children in mountainous areas of north Guangdong had a high prevalence of ECC and the ratio of fs/dfs was very low and treatment need is huge. Low matermal education level, presence of DDE, frequent intake of sweet food between meals, and malnutrition are risk indicators of ECC. The prevalence of ECC was not significantly associated with the phenomenon of left-behind.