延续性护理在高血压脑出血患者中的实施及对生活能力的影响

Continuing care in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage and its effects on life ability

目的分析探讨延续性护理对高血压脑出血患者的实施效果及对其出院后生活能力、生存质量的影响。方法选取2012年6月至2013年12月在我院手术治疗后的高血压脑出血患者94例,根据护理方式的不同随机分为延续性护理组和对照组,每组各47例;两组患者在住院期间均按照高血压脑出血术后护理常规进行护理,对照组出院后采用常规的出院指导,延续性护理组出院后实施延续性护理措施;观察对比两组患者的格拉斯哥昏迷指数(GCS)评分、出院后生活能力的变化以及并发症的发生状况。结果护理实施前两组GCS评分相当。出院后6个月,两组的GCS评分均上升,且延续性护理组的得分显著高于对照组(P<0.05);延续性护理组在括约肌控制能力、转移能力、行动能力、社会认知能力、交流能力和总分等各因子得分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。延续性护理组发生电解质紊乱、肺部感染和负氮平衡等并发症的发生率均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论对于高血压脑出血患者实施延续性护理,能够显著提高患者的恢复效果和术后生活能力,降低术后并发症的发生,改善患者的远期生活质量。

Objective To evaluate the implementation of continuing care in patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage（ HICH） and investigate its effects on life ability and quality of life after discharge. Methods Ninety-four patients with HICH who received surgery in Nanyang Central Hospital from June 2012 to December 2013 were equally and randomly divided into continuing care group and control group（ 47 cases for each group）. All patients were given routine postoperative care during hospitalization; the patients in the control group were given conventional discharge guidance after discharge,while the patients in the continuing care group were given continuing care after discharge. The Glasgow Coma Score（ GCS）,changes in life ability,and incidence of complications were observed and compared between the two groups. Results Before nursing implementation,the GCSs of the two groups were comparable. After 6 months of discharge,the GCSs of the two groups increased,and the continuing care group had a significantly higher GCS than the control group（ P〈0. 05）. The continuing care group had significantly higher scores in the sphincter control,transfer,and mobility,social ability,cognitive ability,and communication ability,total score,and various factor scores than the control group（ P〈0. 05）. The continuing care group had a significantly lower incidence of complications,such as electrolyte disturbance,pulmonary infection,and negative nitrogen balance,than the control group（ P〈0. 05）. Conclusions For patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage,continuing care can significantly improve the recovery of patients and postoperative life ability,reduce the incidence of postoperative complications,and improve the long-term quality of life of patients.