再审半坡文化和庙底沟文化的年代关系——以叠压打破和共存关系为视角

The Reexamination of the Chronological Relationship between the Banpo and Miaodigou Cultures——In the View of the Superimposition,Intrusion and Coexistence Relationships

在中国考古学的学术史上有两大“学案”经久未决，一是夏商周考古中成汤居毫的地望，一是新石器时代考古中半坡文化和庙底沟文化的关系。关于前者，自20世纪70年代末邹衡《郑州商城即汤都毫说》发表后，郑州二里冈早商城址为成汤灭夏后所建都城——毫之“郑毫说”渐成学界的主流认识。

The chronological and cultural relationships between Banpo and Miaodigou Cultures are important issues related to the construction of the system of the Neolithic Archaeology in China. The chronological relationship between these two cultures can be discussed through observing the superimposition and intrusion relationships among the remains of them and the coexistence relationships between the same cultural elements and same kinds of artifacts belonging to these two cultures respectively. Phase I of Banpo Culture is earlier than Miaodigou Culture represented by Quanhucun Site identified to date. Phase I of Miaodigou Culture could be as early as Phase II of Banpo Culture; Phase III of Banpo Culture and Phases II and III of Miaodigou Culture are simultaneously developing stages and Banpo and Miaodigou Cultures ended roughly at the same time.