Glisson蒂横断式腹腔镜解剖性肝切除术的临床疗效

Clinical efficacy of laparoscopic anatomical hepatectomy via Glissonean pedicle transection approach

目的 探讨Glisson蒂横断式腹腔镜解剖性肝切除术的临床疗效.方法 回顾性分析2009年3月至2013年12月第三军医大学西南医院收治的68例行Glisson蒂横断式腹腔镜解剖性肝切除术患者的临床资料.采用全身麻醉,腹腔镜下根据肝蒂走行的解剖学标记,完整分离并阻断Glisson蒂内的门静脉三联结构,以不解剖Glisson蒂内的管道结构的方式分离Glisson蒂后再离断肝实质.肝胆管结石病患者根据合并肝外胆道病变情况行术中胆道镜探查和（或）取石,并放置T管.肝脏良性病变标本破碎后经腹部12 mm Trocar孔取出;肝脏恶性肿瘤标本,经腹上区Trocar孔扩大切口或者耻骨联合上横切口完整取出.采用电话和门诊随访,根据患者疾病的良恶性复查相关指标,随访时间截至2014年9月.符合正态分布的计量资料以（x）±s表示,采用Kaplan-Meier法绘制生存曲线.结果 68例患者中,64例完成Glisson蒂横断式腹腔镜解剖性肝切除术,4例中转开腹.68例患者的手术方式分别为解剖性左半肝切除术30例,解剖性右半肝切除术19例,解剖性肝右后叶切除术10例,解剖性肝右前叶切除术9例.68例患者手术时间为（224±117） min,术中出血量为（413±349） mL,围术期输血率为5.9％ （4/68）,术后胃肠道功能恢复时间为（3.0±0.5）d,术后住院时间为（8.0±3.0）d.无围术期死亡患者,6例患者术后发生并发症,经对症支持治疗后痊愈.29例肝脏恶性肿瘤患者肿瘤直径为（4.4±1.6）cm,切缘距肿瘤距离为（2.0±0.9）cm.病理学诊断：肝胆管结石病22例,肝海绵状血管瘤12例,肝脏局灶性结节状增生1例,肝脏腺瘤1例,肝脏血管平滑肌脂肪瘤1例,肝脏多发囊肿1例,肝结核1例,肝细胞癌27例,胆管细胞癌2例.68例患者均获得随访,随访时间为6 ～ 60个月,平均随访时间为24个月.39例肝脏良性疾病患者随访期间未出现结石或病灶残留及复发;29例肝脏恶性肿瘤患者术后1、3、5年总体生存率分别为92％、84％、60％,无瘤生存率分别为83％、59％、42％.结论 Glisson蒂横断式腹腔镜解剖性肝切除术安全、可行,不仅适用于左半肝切除术,也适用于技术要求相对较高的右半肝切除术.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of laparoscopic anatomical hepatectomy via Glissonean pedicle transection approach.Methods The clinical data of 68 patients who underwent laparoscopic anatomical hepatectomy by Glissonean pedicle transection approach at the Southwest Hospital of Third Military Medical University between March 2009 and December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed.All the patients received intravenous-inhalation general anesthesia.The splitting of liver was carried out after Glissonean pedicles were completely dissected and occluded under the laparoscope according to anatomical structure.The patients with hepatolithiasis underwent intraoperative bile duct exploration and stone removal with T-tube placement based on the conditions of extrahepatic biliary lesions.The fragmented specimens from benign lesions of liver were taken out through a Trocar hole with the diameter of 12mm.The complete specimens from malignancy tumors of liver were taken out through an enlarged Trocar hole or transverse incision at the symphysis pubis.According to the recheck results of benign and malignancy lesions,the patients were followed up by outpatient examination and telephone interview till September 2014.The measurement data with normal distribution were presented as x^- ± s.The survival curve was drawn by Kaplan-Meier method.Results Among the 68 patients,laparoscopic anatomical hepatectomy via Glissonean pedicle transection approach was performed on 64 patients and 4 patients were coverted to open surgery.Laparoscopic anatomical left hemihepatectomy was performed on 30 patients,anatomical right hemihepatectomy on 19 patients,anatomical right posterior lobectomy on 10 patients and anatomical right anterior lobectomy on 9 patients.The mean operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,rate of perioperative blood transfusion,time of postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery and duration of hospital stay were （224 ± 117）minutes,（413 ± 349） mL,5.9% （4/68）,（3.0 ± 0.5） days and （8.0 ± 3.0） days,respectively.There was no perioperative death,and 6 patients with postoperative complication were cured by symptomatic treatment.The tumor diameter and distance to resection margin in 29 patients with malignancy tumors of liver were （4.4 ± 1.6） cm and （2.0 ± 0.9）cm,respectively.The results of pathological examination showed that hepatolithiasis was detected in 22 patients,cavernous hemangioma of liver in 12 patients,hepatic focal nodular hyperplasia in 1 patient,hepatic adenoma in 1 patient,hepatic angiomyolipoma in 1 patient,hepatic multiple cysts in 1 patient,hepatic tuberculosis in 1 patient,hepatocellular carcinoma in 27 patients and cholangiocarcinoma in 2 patients.All the 68 patients were followed up for 6-60 months with a mean time of 24 months.No recurrence and residual stones or lesions in 39 patients with benign lesions of liver were detected during the follow-up.The 1-,3-,5-year overall survival rates and tumor-free survival rates in 29 patients with malignant tumors of liver were 92%,84%,60% and 83%,59%,42%,respectively.Conclnsion Laparoscopic anatomical hepatectomy via Glissonean pedicle transection approach is safe and feasible,and is suitable not only for left hemihepatectomy,but also for right hemihepatectomy of high technical specification.