2010-2013年浙江省湖州市手足口病流行特征及病原学监测分析

Epidemiology and etiology of hand foot and mouth disease in Huzhou,Zhejiang,2010- 2013

目的分析湖州市2010-2013年手足口病的流行病学特征,为手足口病防控提供依据。方法运用描述性流行病学方法对国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统收集的湖州市2010-2013年手足口病病例的个案资料进行分析。用实时荧光定量反转录-聚合酶链反应方法对采集的病例咽拭子标本进行肠道病毒核酸检测和型别鉴定。结果 2010-2013年湖州市累计报告手足口病病例16 641例,平均发病率为156.15/10万,病例主要集中在2-8月,发病年龄主要集中在5岁以内,男性平均发病率高于女性,以散居儿童和幼托儿童居多。采集手足口病病例的咽拭子样本1355例,检出阳性病例754例,阳性率为55.65%;其中肠道病毒71型(EV71)阳性率为16.68%,柯萨奇病毒A组16型(Cox A16)阳性率为16.53%,其他肠道病毒阳性率为22.44%。各县(区)之间发病率有差异,流动人口较多的区域发病率较高。结论手足口病是湖州市重要传染病之一,应加强相应的监测工作,保障儿童健康。

Objective To understand the epidemiological and etiological characteristics of hand foot and mouth disease （HFMD） in Huzhou, Zhejiang province, from 2010 to 2013, and provide evidence for HFMD prevention and control. Methods The incidence data of HFMD in Huzhou from 2010-2013 were collected from national disease reporting information system to conduct descriptive epidemiological analysis. Throat-swab specimens were collected from HFMD cases in sentinel hospitals for enterovirus detection by using real-time RT-PCR. Results A total of 16 641 HFMD cases were reported during this period, the annual incidence was 156. 15/lakh. The incidence curve showed the peak was during May-June. The cases were mainly children aged 〈 5 years. The average incidence of males was higher than that of females. The overall positive rate of enterovirus was 55.65%, and the positive rat was 16. 68% for EV-A71, 16. 53% for Cox A16 and 22. 44% for other enteroviruses. The incidence varied with area and the incidence in floating population was high. Conclusion HFMD is one of the priority communicable diseases in Huzhou, it is important to strengthen the HFMD surveillance to protect children＇s health.