普里什文的随笔创作论——以《鸟儿不惊的地方》为例

Summarizing the Writer's Experience : the Prischvin's Understanding of an Essay on Nature(The Case study of the story“ In the Edge of not frightened Birds”)

普里什文是20世纪俄罗斯的文体大师。他以写随笔开始,在童话故事、微型散文、散文、儿童短篇、小说、日记和创作经验谈等方面为后人留下了一份珍贵的文学遗产。他的纪实随笔总是融哲理、诗意、纪实、民俗学于一体,既有纪实的准确性,又有充溢着深邃思想的抒情性;既有民间口头创作的味道,又有色调鲜明的诗意文体。他的随笔作品的最鲜明的特点就是随笔组成系列。《鸟儿不惊的地方》这组系列随笔就是旅途民族学笔记。如果按照所记叙的不同内容来分类别,可以把它分为以下几类作品:肖像随笔、日常生活随笔、历史随笔、综合随笔。

created by Prishvin inherent rich literary characters, elegant language and a unique writing style that gained him the reputation of one of the most talented stylists of the 20th century＇ s literature. The precious literary heritage he has left behind consists not only of his essays, which were the start point of his creative way ; it also contains the fairy stories, prose and mini-prose, short stories for children, novels, diaries and conversations on his own creative experience. Due to the perfect synthesis of philosophic discourse, belles-lettres and on-the-spot reports, his essays on life are regarded in present article as ultimately integrated art works, which differ authenticity and lyricism with profound insights, the features of folk oral tradition and the bright colorful poetic style. The most distinctive feature of his essay works is following - they represent some kind of thematic essays＇ collections or series, such as “In the Edge of not frightened Birds”, which is an ethnologic diary of a journey. According to different content types of this series, I group （classify） them appropriately into such genre classes as the portrait essay, narrative essay, historical essay and comprehensive essay.