清华简《皇门》与五门三朝考异

Study on the System of San Chao Wu Men with the Help of the Bamboo Slips Huang Men

清华简《皇门》中的耂古门,整理者依据郑玄的天子五门说释为库门。然细考文献、金文、竹简和相关考古资料,实则周制天子三门三朝,而非五门三朝。所谓库门乃诸侯宫门,与天子三门无涉。清华简《皇门》中的耂古门,当释为天子三门(路门、应门、皋门)中的路门。周公诰辞本作于路门,但在文献流传中却出现了借其音义的耂古门、闳门、皇门等异文。

There is a word called Gumen in the Bamboo Slips kept in Tsinghua University.It is not very accurate for philologists to interpret the word as Ku Men according to Zheng Xuan＇s view.Actually we find that the system of emperor＇s gate and court in Zhou Dynasty is San Men San Chao rather than Wu Men San Chao after reading the literatures,chinese bronze inscriptions,bamboo slips and archaeological materials carefully.As one gate of governors＇ Gong Men,Ku Men has nothing to do with San Men of emperor.The word Gumen mentioned in the Bamboo Slips Huang Menshould be interpreted as Lu Men,which is one of emperor＇s San Men.In fact,Zhou Gong warn them at the Lumen.However,different appellations such as Gu Men,Hong Men,Huang Men appeared in the spread of literatures.