不同种类消毒产品的一般毒性评价结果分析

Comparative study on general toxicity of different types of disinfection products

目的分析不同种类的消毒产品一般毒理学安全性评价结果,为消毒产品的安全性评价的剂量设计和毒性分级提供参考。方法采用统计分析方法,对本研究室急性毒性和亚急性毒性试验的41个化学消毒剂产品试验结果进行分析和评价。结果急性经口毒性试验评价的41个消毒产品中,属实际无毒级的消毒产品占总数的73.2%,属低毒级的消毒产品占总数的26.8%。亚急性毒性试验评价的41个消毒产品中,无可见有害作用水平（NOAEL）为1 000 mg/kg的消毒产品占总数的66.7%,NOAEL为500~1 000 mg/kg的消毒产品占总数的13.3%,NOAEL为100~500 mg/kg的消毒产品占总数的6.7%,NOAEL为10~100 mg/kg的消毒产品占总数的13.3%。结论醇类、碘类、胍类消毒产品属实际无毒级,较为安全;过氧化物类、含氯类、醛类消毒产品毒性相对较大。

Objective To provide references for dosage design in safety evaluation and toxicity classification of disinfection products by analyzing the results from general toxicity evaluation of different types of disinfection products. Methods Statistical methods were used to analyze and evaluate the results from general toxicity evaluation of 41 chemical disinfection products. Results 73. 2% of 41 disinfection products evaluated in acute oral toxicity tests were ranked as nontoxic products,and 26. 8% of them were of low toxicity. In the subacute toxicity tests of 41 disinfection products,NOAEL of 1000 mg / kg of disinfection products accounted for 66. 7%,NOAEL of 500 ~ 1000 mg / kg of disinfection products accounted for 13. 3%,NOAEL of 100 ~ 500 mg / kg of disinfection products accounted for 6. 7% l,No observed adverse effect level（ NOAEL） of 10 ~ 100 mg/kg of disinfection products accounted for 13. 3%. Conclusion Alcohol,iodine,guanidine products are relatively safe and classified as nontoxic products,while the toxicity of peroxide,chlorine,aldehyde samples toxicity are relatively high.