结构参数、出口固定投入成本与贸易扩展边际

Structural Parameter,Export Fixed Input Cost and Trade Extensive Margin

替代弹性和异质性参数是决定出口固定投入成本对扩展边际影响程度的关键因素。本文借鉴异质性企业贸易理论分析框架,推导出能反应市场结构的结构引力模型,并使用2004—2007年的面板数据对中国制造业29个产业的出口进行实证分析,在此基础上对10个产业的结构参数(替代弹性和异质性参数)进行估计,并考察出口固定投入成本对总出口和扩展边际的影响程度。结果发现,大部分产业的结构引力模型系数的估计结果符合理论预期;对10个产业结构参数的估计也同理论预期一致;出口固定投入成本对总出口和扩展边际的影响因产业的不同而不同。政策含义上意味着贸易便利化政策和产业政策应相互结合,保证贸易平稳健康发展。

Elasticity of substitution and heterogeneity parameter are the key factors on how export fixed input cost impact the extensive margin. This paper uses the heterogeneity firms trade theory framework to deduce the structural gravity model,and uses panel data during 2004—2007 to empirically analyze the exports of 29 manufacturing industries in China.Based on the empirical analysis above, this paper estimates the structural parameters（ substitution elasticity and heterogeneity parameters） for 10 manufacturing industries and examines the impact of export fixed input cost on total exports and trade extensive margin. It is shown that the coefficient estimates of 22 industries in 29 manufacturing industries are consistent with theoretical expectations; the estimates of structural parameters for 10 manufacturing industries are also consistent with theoretical expectations; the impacts of export fixed input cost on total exports and extensive margin vary from industry to industry. Policy implication means that trade facilitation policies and industrial policies should be combined to ensure the stable and healthy development of trade.