我院妇产科抗菌药物不良反应/事件相关因素分析

Relative Factors of the Adverse Drug Reactions / Events of Antibacterial Drugs in Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics

目的：了解抗菌药品不良反应/事件（ADR/ADE）发生特点及相关因素,为安全用药提供依据。方法：回顾性分析2011～2013年我院妇产科上报的抗菌药物ADR/ADE报告。结果：165例ADR/ADE患者,平均年龄（28.76±6.80）岁,年龄越高,ADR/ADE发生率越高;青霉素类药物ADR/ADE发生率2.41%,居首位;头孢菌素类药物ADR/ADE例数占73.33%,但ADR/ADE发生率低于均值0.47%;超剂量使用与ADE发生有显著关系,超剂量使用头孢呋辛、头孢曲松发生ADE,P值分别为0.002,0.034;165例ADR/ADE患者,静脉滴注149例,肌内注射12例,口服4例。结论：加强抗菌药物处方审核和护理干预,加强ADR高发生率药物监测,严格控制输液量,以减少或避免ADR/ADE发生。

Objective： To investigate the features and relative factors of the adverse drug reactions / events of antibacterial drugs for rational clinical use. Methods： A total of 165 ADR / ADE cases from obstetrics were retrospective analysis from 2011 to 2013. Results： Their average age were（ 28. 76 ± 6. 80） years old. The older had more higher incidence rate of ADR / ADE. Pencillin-type drugs had the highest incidence rate,which was 2. 41%. The ADR / ADE cased by cephalosporins whose occurrence rate was lower than the mean accounted for 73. 33%. Overdose use significantly increased the incidence rate of ADE,especially cefuroxime sodium for injection and ceftriaxone sodium for injection（ P = 0. 002,P = 0. 034）. 149 ADR / ADE cases（ 90. 30%） were induced by method of intravenous drip,followed by intramuscular injection（ 7. 27%）,and oral administration accounted for 2. 43%. Conclusion： It＇s important to strengthen prescription checking and nursing intervention,and govern medicine injection,so as to reduce the occurrence of ADR / ADE.