金属对金属假体降解产物:钴、铬离子及纳米颗粒基因毒性研究进展

Research Progress in Genotoxic Effects of Degradation Products,Cobalt,Chromium Ions and Nanoparticles from Metal-on-metal Prostheses on Cells

目前临床最常见的金属对金属假体材料为钴铬合金,关于钴、铬离子及纳米颗粒引起的基因毒性,国内外已有部分学者展开相关研究。离子方面,对于其产生以及对细胞影响的机制已有了一定的认识;然而钴铬纳米颗粒基因毒性相关的研究还处于起步阶段,从纳米颗粒的产生到进入细胞的途径,直到最后引起基因毒性的机制,每一阶段仍有许多问题等待人们解决。本文将结合近几年关于离子/纳米颗粒基因毒性的研究结果分别阐述临床假体置换后钴、铬离子/纳米颗粒的产生及其引起基因毒性的机制。

Cobalt or chromium alloys are the most common clinical materials of prosthesis and there have been some investigators at home and abroad have done related researches about the genotoxic effects of cobalt and chromium ions and nanoparticles.People have certain understanding about the mechanism of production of ions as well as their influence on cells.However,chromium or cobalt nanoparticles genotoxicity related research is still in its preliminary stage.In each stage,the mechanisms,from creating of the particles,through entering cells,until finally causing genotoxic,are still contained many problems to be solved.This article reviews the research progress in mechanisms of production and genotoxic effects of cobalt,chromium ions and nanoparticles.