你的权利,我的义务——权利与义务问题上的视域转换与视域交融

Your Rights,My Duties

权利与义务都内含个体性与社会性二重规定。历史地看,彰显权利的个体性之维,往往引向突出"我的权利";注重义务的社会性维度,则每每导向强化"你的义务"。扬弃以上偏向,以视域的转换和交融为前提,这里的转换意味着从抽象形态的"我的权利"转向现实关系中的"你的权利",从外在赋予(他律)意义上的"你的义务"转向自觉和自愿承担(自律)层面的"我的义务"。与之相关的视域融合,则表现为对权利二重规定与义务二重规定的双重确认。

There are individual aspect and social side in both right and duty.Historically,the 'my rights' might be highlighted if the individual side of right is overstressed while 'your duties' might be put in priority if the social aspect of duty is overemphasized.To avoid the above tendencies,the transformation and the fusion of perspectives are needed.Here the transformation of perspectives means turning abstract 'my rights' into 'your rights'in reality,and turning 'your duties' in the sense of heteronomy into the 'my duties' in the sense of autonomy as well;while the fusion of perspectives implies the confirmation of the dual aspects of both right and duty.