新媒体在转型国家社会运动中的角色及启示——从“阿拉伯之春”看新媒体的政治角色

The Role of New Media in Transition Countries and Its Enlightenment——From the "Arab Spring" to See the Political Role of the New Media

新媒体具有强大的社会动员作用,近年来在不少国家尤其是在一些发展中国家和转型国家的社会运动中发挥了重要的政治角色。以"阿拉伯之春"为例,新媒体是政治动员和集体行动的催化剂,舆论斗争的新力量,是国外势力干涉一国内政的工具和渠道,新媒体在社会运动中既有着积极的影响,也有着消极作用。新媒体作用巨大,但是并不决定社会运动的发生和根本走向。新媒体在社会运动中的角色启示我们新媒体环境已经是党和政府执政必须面对的新常态,必须注重利用新媒体引领舆论,推动政治发展与社会治理,同时,要加大对青年政治价值观的教育和引导,警惕和防范国外势力的新媒体渗透。推进政治改革和社会公平是防范新媒体政治风险的根本前提。

New media has a powerful effect in social mobilization and plays an important political role in many countries＇ social movement in recent years, especially in some developing and transition countries. Take ＂The Arab spring＂ for example, the new media works as a catalyst for political mobilization and collective action, and a new power for public opinion struggle, and also the tool and channel for foreign powers to interfere in the internal affairs of one country. The new media has a positive infl uence in the social movement, but has a negative effect to those developing and transition countries. Though the new media＇s role is huge, it doesn＇t determine the occurrence and basic trend of social movement. The role of new media in the social movement suggest that the new media environment is a new normal that the party and the government must face to, so we must pay attention to using the new media to guide public opinion, promote political development and social governance. Meanwhile, we must strengthen education and guidance of political values among the youth, and maintain active vigilance and guard against the new media＇s penetration of foreign powers. At last, to promote the reform of political and social justice is the fundamental premise in order to prevent new media political risks.