北京市崇文区居民健康素养现状调查分析

Investigation and analysis on health literacy among residents in Chongwen District of Beijing

目的了解北京市崇文区居民健康素养水平,为今后更好地开展健康教育工作提供指导依据。方法采用分层按比例整群抽样,在崇文区11个监测单位对年龄在15~69岁的居民进行一对一问卷调查,对受访者的回答结果进行量化处理,并对量化指标进行统计分析。结果调查共获得558份有效问卷。崇文区居民整体健康素养水平处于一般水平（76.4±9.4）分,基本技能素养得分最高（78.4±12.4）分,健康生活方式和行为素养得分最低（74.0±11.5）分,基本知识和理念素养得分居中（76.8±10.4）分。在不同特征人群中,男性和女性健康素养没有差异;年轻居民的健康素养水平高于老年居民;居民文化程度越高,其健康素养水平越高;家庭平均月收入高的居民健康素养水平要高于低收入居民。结论崇文区居民健康素养水平总体上一般,不同特征人群的健康素养水平不均衡,居民的7类健康问题素养的具备情况也不均衡,提示要针对居民的不同特点开展健康促进工作。

[Objective]To understand the level of heahh literacy among residents in Chongwen District of Beijing, provide the guidance basis for further health education.[Methods]One to one questionnaire survey was conducted among residents aged 15-69 years old, who were collected from 11 monitoring institutions in Chongwen District by in-proportion stratified cluster sampling method. The results were treated with quantitative processing, and the quantitative data were statistically analyzed. [Results]The research received 558 valid questionnaires. The total health literacy of residents in Chongwen District was in an average level （76.4＋9.4）. The literacy of basic skills earned the highest score （78.4 ＋12.4）, followed by the literacy of basic knowledge and concepts （76.8-＋10.4）, and the literacy of healthy lifestyle and behavior earned the lowest score （74.0-＋11.5）. There was no difference in level of health literacy between men and women, while the level of health literacy in young residents was higher than that in elderly residents. The residents with higher education level had the better level of health literacy, and the level of health literacy in residents with good average family monthly income was higher than that in low income population [Conclusion]Fhe level of health literacy among residents in Chongwen District of Beijing is in an average level. The levels of health literacy in populations with different characteristics are unbalanced, a similar situation is observed in the literacy levels of 7 kinds of health problems. It is necessary to carry out the health promotion according to the residents＂ characteristics.