2009—2013年沧州市常规免疫接种率监测情况评价与影响因素分析

Evaluation on routine immunization surveillance and analysis on influencing factors in Cangzhou City from 2009-2013

目的了解沧州市2009—2013年常规免疫接种率监测情况,对接种率报告数据质量进行评价,并分析可能的影响因素,为进一步规范常规免疫接种率监测工作,提高监测系统运转质量提供建议。方法通过汇总"中国免疫规划监测信息管理系统"中沧州市2009—2013年的接种率报告数据、冷链设备数据和接种单位数据,与接种率主动调查数据进行对比,采用统计学方法评价数据的可信性与趋势,采用描述性方法对监测工作运转质量相关指标进行分析。结果 2009—2013年,卡介苗、乙肝疫苗、麻疹类疫苗报告接种率均超过国家疫苗接种率90%的指标,脊髓灰质炎疫苗、百白破三联疫苗、A群流脑疫苗、乙脑疫苗和甲肝疫苗在2013年未达到90%以上,A+C流脑疫苗、白破二联疫苗2011、2012和2013年未达到90%以上。结论免疫规划信息化建设对于常规免疫接种率监测工作影响较大,报告的接种率趋于真实,接种率降低受多个因素影响,提高疫苗接种率和常规免疫监测质量需要采取诸多措施,综合协调。

[Objective]To understand the status of routine immunization surveillance in Cangzhou City from 2009-2013, evaluate the report quality of coverage rate, analyze possible influencing factors, and provide the suggestions for further standardizing the routine immunization surveillance and improving the operation quality of surveillance system.[Methods]The data of coverage rate, cold chain equipment and inoculation institutions in Cangzhou City from 2009-2013 were collected from the Chinese immunization monitoring information management system, and were compared with the active investigation data of coverage rate. The credibility and trend of data were evaluated with the statistical method, and the indexes related to operation quality of surveillance system were analyzed with the descriptive method. [Results]During 2009-2013, the reported vaccination rates of BCG, hepatitis B vaccine and measles vaccine achieved the national standard that the vaccination rate is higher than 90%. In 2013, the reported vaccination rates of polio vaccine, DPT vaccine, epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis （A group） vaccine, Japanese encephalitis vaccine and hepatitis A vaccine were lower than 90%. During 2011-2013, the reported vaccination rates of epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis （A ＋C group） vaccine, and diphtheria-tetanus vaccine did not reach 90%. [Conclusion]The informatization construction of immune planning has a great influence on routine immunization surveillance, the reported vaccination rate is basically authentic, and the decreased vaccination rate is influenced by multiple factors. It is necessary to take many measures and carry out the comprehensive coordination, to increase the vaccination rate and quality of routine immunization surveillance.