硬脂酸淀粉酯的合成方法研究进展

Recent Advance in Synthesis of Starch Stearate

淀粉是一种天然高分子化合物,资源丰富,价格低廉,但通常原淀粉的加工性能差,需要对其进行化学改性。硬脂酸淀粉酯是改性淀粉的一种,由于淀粉的葡萄糖残基上亲油性硬脂酸链的引入,使得原淀粉的结构、物理和化学性质都发生了变化,如疏水性、乳化性等。本研究综述了合成硬脂酸淀粉酯的多种方法,主要包括:熔融法、水媒法、有机溶剂法、酶催化法以及离子液体法等,其中绿色溶剂离子液体中酶催化合成硬脂酸淀粉酯将得到更多的关注。

As a large type of natural polymer in nature, starch is abundant and low in price. But starch usually needs chemical modifications due to its poor proeessability. Starch stearate is a type of modified starch, whose structure and physical and chemical properties have been greatly changed because of the introduction of oleophilic stearate chains to the glucose residues of native starch. This paper overviews various synthesis methods of starch stearate mainly including melting method, organic solvent method, enzymatic method and ionic liquid method, etc. This article summarized various methods to compound starch stearate such as melting method, water - medium method, organic solvent method, enzymatic method and ionic liquid method, among which the application of ionic liquid in enzymatic synthesis of starch stearate will make people have more expectation.