协饷供应与边疆统治秩序——以晚清贵州苗民起义为中心的探讨

The Supplication of Transfer Payment of Military Expenditure and the Order of Borderland:a Study on Guizhou Province in Late Qing Dynasty

协饷制度本意在于酌盈剂虚,保障缺饷省份的军需供应。贵州作为边疆省份从清初以来即为受协省份,咸同年间因太平天国起义的影响,承协省份陷于战火,以贵州为代表的边疆省份协饷解送大受影响。在心腹之患与肢体之患的区分下,清政府以镇压太平军运动为急务,将边疆省份军务放在次要位置,导致兵与饷的安排畸重畸轻。考察此间贵州的军事与协饷供应,可以发现协饷制度的优点与不足,以及制度用意与实际运作之间的落差,同时也可具体了解协饷供应、战争进程和王朝统治秩序之间的密切关系。

The Transfer Payment System of Military Expenditure aimed at support the poor provinces＇ army in borderland.Due to the impact of Taiping Rebellion,the Miao ethnicity in south-western China rebelled both in Xianfeng and Tongzhi reigns.The government focused on the rule order inside and overlooked the borderland.This paper discussed the relationship of the supplication of transfer payment of military expenditure and the order of borderland in order to disclose the importance of the supplication and how it influenced the process of war and the rule order.