论蒙古族萨满教“札答”巫术及其神话根源

On the Mongolian Shamanism “Zhada”Witchcraft and Its Mythological Root

在蒙古族萨满教神论中,最引人关注的莫过于札答(J∨ad)巫术(dom)。博额(bge)可以获得这种巫术,并能施行札答(J∨ad)巫术(dom),把宇宙万物及其生命能量聚集于自身,从而能够施行"呼风唤雨"的活动。萨满教巫师通过这种语言及其"隐喻"形式,将普遍生命(ami)想象成世界(yirtinc∨ü)的关联,从而将自身的生命意识推延至神话"对象"上。于是,就产生了事物均有其生命能量的想象。

In Mongolian Shamanism,the most noticeable is the＂Zhada＂witchcraft,namely Jad dom in Mongolian language.Boge could obtain this craft and perform jad dom to gather all the life forms and their energy into himself,thus carrying out the magic activity of summoning wind and calling for rain.The Shamanist witches imagine the common life as the universal association through this kind of language and its form of metaphor,thus extend their ideas of life to the mythological＂object＂.Therefore,the imagination that all things have their energy of life is created.