2000-2010年中国城乡家庭结构变动分析

Changes in Family Structures in Urban and Rural Areas in China: 2000-2010

基于2000年"五普"、2005年"小普查"及2010年"六普"数据,分析发现,城镇化进程中家庭核心化现象明显,城市一代户家庭比重上升的速度高于农村。两类特殊家庭,即"空巢家庭"和"隔代家庭"的变动较明显,城镇与农村地区存在大规模的空巢家庭,且农村地区空巢家庭以较快的速度增加;农村隔代家庭无论是规模还是比重均高于城镇。同时,对家庭结构与家庭规模结合的分析发现,按户内代数划分的各类家庭结构中,随着社会经济的发展,各类家庭规模均呈现小幅度的下降趋势。

Based on the aggregate data from 1% National Population Sample Survey in 2005, the Fifth and the Sixth National Population Census in 2000 and 2010, this paper examines the changes and urban-rural disparity in family structure and in the two special types of families post-parental families（empty nest） and inter-generational family under the urbanization process in China. The results indicate that the core of the family become increasingly common and the proportion of 1-generation households in urban areas are rising faster than that in rural areas. In this process, there exist many post-parental families and inter-generational families in China. The scale of post-parental families increases at a faster rate in rural areas than that in urban areas, while both the scale and proportion of inter-generational families are higher in rural areas than those in urban areas. Moreover, the combined analysis of family structure and family size shows that all kinds of household size calculated from generations in a family have shrunk slightly with the social and economic development.