细菌纤维素的应用进展

Progress in Applications of Bacterial Cellulose

细菌纤维素(Bacterial cellulose,BC)是由多种细菌新陈代谢的产物形成的不含木素、半纤维素以及其他抽提物的高结晶度的三维网状结构。这种结构使得BC有着一些特有的特性,如高纯度、高结晶度、较大的机械强度、高保水值、抗菌性、无毒性、生物相容性和生物降解性等,从而在多个领域有着广泛应用,如生物医药与组织工程、食品、电学、造纸、功能材料等。CNC是纤维素的纳米微晶状态,大部分CNC都是由天然植物纤维制备的。BC有着与天然植物纤维相似的结构,将BC制备成CNC,其特性又会发生一些变化,从而扩大了应用领域。

Bacterial cellulose（BC）which does not contain lignin and hemicellulose and other extract,is a threedimensional network structured production of a variety of bacteria through metabolism and has high degree of crystallinity.BC exhibits some unique characteristics because of its structure,such as high purity,high crystallinity,high mechanical strength,great water retention,antimicrobicity,non-toxicity,biocompatibility and biodegradability,etc..Due to these characteristics,BC has been widely used in many fields such as biological medicine and tissue engineering,food industry,electronic industry,paper making,functional materials,etc..CNC are nanocrystals of cellulose,most of which are made of natural plant fibers.BC has the similar structure with natural plant fibers.If prepared into CNC,BC could gain some feature changes so that its application fields could be expanded.