冀东地区汉坦病毒宿主鼠类监测及流行病毒株遗传进化分析

Surveillance on host murine and phylogenetic analysis of Hantavirus in Eastern Hebei

为了解冀东地区肾综合征出血热(HFRS)汉坦病毒(HTV)宿主鼠类概况、带毒率以及流行病毒株的基因型和遗传变异情况,本研究采用"夹夜法"捕获鼠类分析种群密度和构成,RT-PCR检测宿主鼠类HTV带毒率及基因型,并对HTV阳性样本进行测序和遗传进化分析。结果显示居民区鼠群密度为2.29%,显著高于野外鼠群密度(0.66%)(p<0.05),褐家鼠为优势鼠种。宿主鼠类HTV带毒率居民区为9.36%,显著高于野外(3.64%)(p<0.05);冀东地区HTV基因型为家鼠型和姬鼠型,并以家鼠型为主;遗传进化分析结果显示冀东地区家鼠型HTV为S3亚型,姬鼠型HTV为H5亚型,具有明显的地区聚集性。结果表明冀东地区鼠类带毒率较高,应加强HFRS综合防制。

To investigate the rats in species composition, density, Hantavirus （HTV）-carrying rate and the genotype and genetic variation of HTV in the rats, the rats were collected by the trap-night method from residential areas and fields in Eastern Hebei area for a survey, which were subjected to detection for HTVs in the rodents by RT-PCR. Then, the M and S gene of HTV in the positive samples were sequenced for genotyping and phylogenetic analysis. The results showed that the density of rats in the residential area was 2.29%, and higher than that in the field （0.66%） （p〈0.05）, Rattus norvegicus was the dominant rats. The murine infection rate in the residential area was 9.36%, and higher than that in the field （3.64%） （p〈0.05）; Genotypes of HTVs were SEO and HTN type, and SEO type was the dominant type. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all SEO type HTVs were grouped into SEO subtype $3, and HTN type HTV belonged to HTN subtype HS, and the HTVs in the same cluster were distributed as the same area. These results indicated that HTV-carrying rate of rats was serious, and it is necessary to develop measures of control and prevention for HFRS.