2006-2013年济宁市人感染布氏杆菌病流行病学及诊断延迟分析

Human brucellosis epidemiology and delayed diagnosis analysis of Jining city during 2006-2013

目的了解济宁市人感染布氏杆菌病（简称布病）流行现状和趋势,掌握人感染布病三间分布特点,为制定济宁市布病综合防控策略提供流行病学依据。方法用Excel建立数据库,采用SPSS统计软件进行统计描述和统计分析,对2006年1月-2013年9月济宁市网络报告人感染布氏杆菌病病例进行分析。结果济宁市2006年1月-2013年9月,人感染布氏杆菌病发病率逐年提高,发病例数呈上升趋势,6年来累计报告病例214例,2013年最多,其中济宁市本地病例174例（81.31%）、外地病例40例（18.69%）。所有病例中男性162例（75.70%）,女性52例（24.30%）;平均年龄为（45.4±14.6）岁,以中、老年为主（40~60岁）,占所有报告病例的57.01%（122例）,最小年龄2岁、最大75岁;55例有明确的牛、羊养殖或者贩卖接触史,占报告病例的25.70%。不同年龄组男性与女性病例之间感染率差异无统计学意义（χ2=1.12,P〉0.05）,不同病例来源的男性和女性病例之间差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.09,P〉0.05）。214例人感染布病病例诊断延迟时间呈偏态分布,中位数（M）为23 d。结论济宁市防控人感染布氏杆菌病形势严峻,需要加大防控力度,提高公众布病认知水平,加强各级医务及防疫人员培训,做到早预防、早诊断、早治疗。

Objective To understand the incidence and prevalence of human brucellosis in Jining city,grasp its charictristics,the comprehensive strategy is aimed to brucellosis prevention and control. Methods The database was used by Excel and data was analyzed by SPSS software,to analyze the human brucellosis cases reported in Jining city during January of 2006 to September of 2013. Results During January of 2006 to September of 2013,the incidence of human brucellosis has been increasing,a total of 214 cases were identified,most were in 2013,174 were from Jining city（ 81. 3%）,40 were form other places（ 18. 69%）. Of the 214 cases,the male were 162（ 75. 70%） and the female were 52（ 24. 3%）. The average age were（ 45. 4 ±14. 6）,mainly focus on age 40-60,accounted for 57. 01% of the total number（ 122 cases）,the youngest was 2,the oldest was 75; The proportions of brucellosis cases with occupational exposure was 55（ 25. 7%）.There was no statistically significance between the female and male among different age groups（ χ2= 1. 12,P〉0. 05） and different places（ χ2= 0. 09,P〉0. 05）. From 214 cases,the median for significant diagnose delay time of brucellosis was 23 d. Conclusions There was a grim situation for human brucellosis in Jining city,and measures to prevent and control it should be strengthen,raising the level of public awareness,cultivating the training for all levels of medical workers and epidemic prevent personnel,for early prevention and,early diagnosis and early treatment.