内蒙古自治区2012-2013年风疹流行病学特征分析

Rubella epidemiological characteristics analysis in Inner Mongolia during 2012-2013

目的了解内蒙古自治区2012-2013年风疹流行病学特征,为预防和控制风疹的流行提供科学依据。方法通过《中国疾病预防控制信息报告管理系统》中风疹疫情资料,对2012-2013年内蒙古自治区风疹资料进行流行病学分析。结果 2012-2013年共报告877例风疹病例,各盟市均有病例报告。2012年发病率最高的旗县为清水河县,2013年发病率最高的旗县为武川县,发病率分别为25.17/10万和16.52/10万,各旗县发病率差异有统计学意义（χ22 0 1 2年=1004.48,P〈0.01;χ22 0 1 3年=27.49,P〈0.01）。发病主要集中在4~6月份,病例数占全年发病总数的64.08%。学生发病数占发病总数的52.57%。各年龄组发病率差异均有统计学意义（χ22 0 1 2年=1047.10,χ22 0 1 3年=442.50,P〈0.05）。实验室检测风疹病例病毒流行株主要为1E型。结论应加强对风疹流行地区和重点人群的监测,及时开展风疹疫苗应急接种,对育龄期妇女实施含有风疹类疫苗接种以减少先天性风疹综合征的发生,提高婴儿风疹抗体水平。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rubella in Inner Mongolia during 2012-2013,and provide scientific basis for the prevention and control the rubella. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence data of rubella obtained from China disease prevention and control information reporting management system during 2012-2013. Results The disease distributed widely with cases reporting in 12 cities. A total of 877 reported cases of rubella happened in 2012-2013,cases reported in all cities. The highest incidence rate was Qingshuihe county in 2012,and Wuchuan county in 2013,the incidence rate was 25. 17 /100000 and 16. 52 /100000,there were significant statistically differences（ χ22 0 1 2 =1004. 48,P〈0. 01; χ22 0 1 3 =27. 49,P〈0. 01）. Incidence mainly focus on April-June each year,accounted for 64. 08% of total number of cases. Students accounted for 52. 57%. The difference was statistically significant among all age groups（ χ22 0 1 2 =1047. 10,χ22 0 1 3 =442. 50,P〈0. 05）. The rubella virus epidemic strains were mainly 1E tested by laboratory. Conclusions Should strengthen monitoring for focus groups and rubella endemic areas,to conduct rubella cases virus strains vaccination timely,rubella emergency vaccination for women of childbearing age to reduce the occurrence of congenital rubella syndrome,improving infant rubella antibody levels.