2013年青海省地下水饮用水源水质卫生检测及评价

Underground drinking water source quality sanitation examination and evaluation of Qinghai province in 2013

目的了解青海省地下水饮用水源水质卫生状况,确保居民饮水安全。方法于2013年对青海省361个地下水饮用水源水质卫生进行检测及评价。结果铜、锌、挥发酚类、阴离子合成洗涤剂、镉、铬、铅、硒、氰化物指标均在Ⅰ~Ⅲ类;p H值、铁、耗氧量指标在Ⅰ-Ⅳ类。泉水、浅井和深井饮用水源的臭和味、硫酸盐、总硬度、氯化物、溶解性总固体、亚硝酸盐指标Ⅰ-Ⅳ类所占百分比差异均有统计学意义（χ2臭和味=15.855、χ2硫酸盐=7.559、χ2总硬度=10.709、χ2氯化物=13.006、χ2溶解性总固体=8.140、χ2亚硝酸盐=8.447,P〈0.05）。泉水、浅井和深井饮用水源的感官性状和一般化学指标Ⅰ~Ⅳ类所占百分比大于浅井、深井,差异有统计学意义（χ2=10.693,P〈0.05）。结论青海省地下水饮用水源水质卫生状况较好。

Objective To investigate underground drinking water source in Qinghai province and insure water quality for the residents. Methods 361 underground drinking water sources were investigated and evaluated. Results The percentage of grade Ⅰ-Ⅲ in copper,zinc,volatile phenol,anion synthetic detergent,cadmium,chromium,lead,cyanide were 100%; The percentage of grade Ⅰ-Ⅳ in the p H,iron,oxygen consumption were 100%. The percentage of grade Ⅰ-Ⅳ in odor and taste,sulfate,total hardness,chloride,total soluble solid,nitrite caused by different underground drinking water sources were significant statistically different（ χ2s m e l l= 15. 855,χ2s u l f a t e= 7. 559,χ2G H= 10. 709,χ2c h l o r i d e= 13. 006,χ2T D S= 8. 140,χ2n i t r i t e=8. 447,P 0. 05）. The percents of grade Ⅰ-Ⅳ in sensory traits and general chemical indicators caused by different underground drinking water sources were significant statistically different（ χ2= 10. 693, P 0. 05）. Conclusions The water quality of underground drinking water source in Qinghai province was preferably.