成年女性初戴固定矫治器时的心理变化分析

Research on the Psychological Change in Adult Women at the Initial Wearing of Fixed Orthodontic Appliance

目的 探讨成年女性患者佩戴固定矫治器初期时心理变化。方法 选择 2011 年 1 月－ 2012 年 8 月 80例成年女性患者，年龄 18 ～ 50 岁，平均 39 岁，均采用固定矫治技术。分别在就诊时与佩戴固定矫治器 1 周、1 个月及 3 个月时填写症状自评量表（SCL-90），评估其就诊当日心理健康水平以及矫治器后的心理变化。结果 成年女性错牙合畸形患者就诊时 SCL-90 中强迫症状、抑郁、焦虑、精神病性分值高于常模，差异有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）。佩戴固定矫治器1周和1个月时在强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执、精神病性方面较就诊当日均更严重，差异有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）；3 个月时各因子分值相对下降，但在抑郁、焦虑、敌对、偏执方面分值仍高于矫治前，差异有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.05）。结论 成年女性错牙合畸形患者在固定矫治器佩戴初期所引起的不舒服与不方便可使其焦虑与抑郁情绪加重。

Objective To discuss whether there are some psychological changes in adult women patients when they first wear fixed orthodontic appliances.Methods Eighty adult women patients aged between 18 and 50 years old averaging 35,receiving fixed orthodontic treatment between January 2011 and August 2012 were selected as our study subjects.They completed a questionnaire regarding anxiety and depression at the first day when they came to the hospital and 7 days,one month,and three months after fixed appliance placement respectively.The scales of anxiety and depression of subjects were assessed according to the symptom checklist-90（SCL-90）.Results Compared with the norms,the SCL-90 scores of anxiety,depression and interpersonal relationship sensitivity were higher in these patients.The symptoms were more severe a week later,and were even more severe one month after the appliance placement.Three months later,the scores of all factors began to fall,but were still higher than those before the treatment.Conclusions There is a certain extent of negative psychological influence on adult women patients during fixed orthodontic treatment.At the first week after the placement of fixed appliance,adult women patients may suffer from anxiety and depression.