基于胚性愈伤的四倍体盾叶薯蓣人工种子研究

Preparation Technique of Tetraploid of Dioscorea zingiberensis Synthetic Seed Based on Embryogenic Callus

目的:建立四倍体盾叶薯蓣人工种子的制作方法,并考察相关影响因素,为四倍体盾叶薯蓣的产业化推广提供技术支持。方法:以四倍体盾叶薯蓣的胚性愈伤作为人工种子的包埋繁殖体,研究人工胚乳组成、种皮基质、贮藏环境、萌发基质等因素对人工种子萌发与成苗的影响。结果:种皮基质为4%海藻酸钠+2%Ca Cl2+2%壳聚糖,胚乳成分为1/2 MS液体培养基+0.2 mg/L BA+0.5 mg/L NAA+0.1 mg/L青霉素+0.3%多菌灵粉剂+0.2%苯甲酸钠+1.0%蔗糖+0.5%活性炭+1.0%木薯淀粉时,人工种子的萌发率和成苗率最高;4℃条件下贮藏20 d后其萌发率及成苗率分别为76.7%、71.7%。结论:以胚性愈伤作为包埋繁殖体的四倍体盾叶薯蓣人工种子制作技术具有生产应用前景。

Objective： To provide technical support for industrialization promotion of tetraploid of Dioscorea zingiberensis,the manufacturing method for synthetic seeds of tetraploid of Dioscorea zingiberensis was established and the correlated influential factors were studied. Methods： By taking embryogenic calluses of tetraploid of Dioscorea zingiberensis as propagation materials,the influential factors such as components of artificial endosperm,seed coats,storage conditions and germination materials on germination and seedling of the synthetic seeds were evaluated. Results： When 4% alginate ＋ 2% Ca Cl2＋ 2% chitosan was served as seed coat materials,and 1 /2 MS＋ 0. 2 mg/L BA ＋ 0. 5 mg/L NAA ＋ 0. 1 mg/L penicillin ＋ 0. 3% carbendazim powder ＋ 0. 2% sodium benzoate ＋ 1. 0% sucrose ＋0. 5% activated carbon ＋ 1. 0% tapioca starch was served as endosperm,the synthetic seeds had high germination rate and seedling rate. After storing at 4 ℃ for 20 d,the germination rate and seedling rate of synthetic seeds was 76. 7% and 71. 7%,respectively. Conclusion： Manufacturing technology of synthetic seeds of tetraploid of Dioscorea zingiberensis with embryogenic calluses as propagation materials has production prospects.