纤维形态对PBS/CTMP纤维复合材料制备与性能的影响

Influence of fiber morphology characteristics on the preparation and properties of PBS/CTMP fiber composites

以云杉化学热磨机械浆(CTMP)纤维及杨木CTMP纤维分别代表不同纤维形态的增强纤维(长纤维及短纤维),通过熔融加工与聚丁二酸丁二醇酯(PBS)制备了复合材料.对复合材料的力学性能、流变性能、动态力学性能及形貌学特征等进行了研究,并与以木粉为增强纤维的复合材料进行了对比.结果表明,CTMP纤维的纤维形态对复合材料的力学性能及流变性能均有显著影响.长纤维易产生纤维间相互纠缠的现象,导致其在基体中分布不匀,取向较为杂乱,故以其制备的复合材料的力学性能较差.与以木粉制备的复合材料相比,以短纤维制备的复合材料的力学性能更好,在相同的添加量下,其拉伸强度、冲击强度下降的幅度最小,弯曲强度提高的幅度最大;与木粉相比,CTMP纤维对复合材料体系的流变性影响更大,长纤维更易与基体分子链形成分子链相互纠缠的结构,导致了熔体剪切粘度的大幅提高.而短纤维对复合材料流变性能的影响相对较小.

Spruce chemithermomechnical pulp（CTMP）fiber and aspen CTMP fiber were used as reinforced fiber to prepare PBS/CTMP fiber composites.The mechanical performance,rheological properties,dynamic mechanical properties and morphology characteristics of composites were investigated.Furthermore,the composites prepare with wood flour was used as control specimens to compare the difference in properties of composites.The results showed that the mechanical properties and rheological properties of composites were influenced by the fiber morphology.The fiber morphology characteristics resulted in the reunion and uneven distribution phenomenon of long fiber in matrix.Thus,the composites prepared from long fiber exhibit poor mechanical performance.The composites prepared by short fiber exhibit better mechanical performance in comparison with that of wood flour.Under the same fiber loading,the composites prepared by short fiber show the lowest decrease in tensile strength and impact strength,and the highest increase in bending strength in comparison with pure PBS.Compare to wood flour,the influence of CTMP fibers on the rheological properties of composite system are more significant.The addition of long fiber results in the large increase in the melt shear viscosity of composite system.On the contrary,the influences of short fiber on rheological properties of composite system are relatively low.