语音加工抑或是正字法加工缺陷?——汉语阅读障碍的认知特点与缺陷

Phonetic Processing or Orthographic Processing Deficit?——A Study on the Cognitive Processing and its Deficit of Chinese Reading Disability

为了对汉语阅读障碍的加工缺陷进行探讨,期望探讨阅读障碍的成因,并可为后期的干预提供帮助,研究从1567名3~5年级小学生中共筛查出119名汉语阅读障碍儿童,筛出率为7.6%。同时,采用改编的言语认知测验对阅读障碍组和正常对照组进行比较后发现,3~5年级的阅读障碍儿童在语音意识、快速命名、语音记忆和正字法加工上成绩均差于正常对照组。结果表明,汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童可能存在语音意识、快速命名、语音记忆和正字法加工缺陷。

Reading is a multi-component skill that includes single word recognition, prose reading ability,reading comprehension and decoding ability. 119 dyslexic children were screened from 1547 Grade 3-5primary school students. Then the study used the self-designed and recomposed linguistic programs in order to investigate the characteristics and differences of phonological processing and orthographic processing between the Chinese dyslexic children and the normal control group children. The results indicated that the control group children from Grade 3 to 5 were capable to process phonologically and orthographically,however the dyslexic group performed worse than the control group in phonological awareness, short term memory, rapid naming and orthographic processing tasks. These results were similar with the previous studies, which meant the Chinese dyslexic children had some deficits in phonological processing and orthographic processing.