利用昆虫携带病原物实施生物防治的研究进展

Research progress of biological control by use of insects to deliver pathogens

应用载体昆虫传递病原物防治有害生物主要是利用载体昆虫与目标病虫害之间的共栖或生态位重叠关系,通过载体昆虫主动搜寻目标病虫害,传递病原物与天敌生物,侵染或捕食有害生物,达到防治的目的。笔者综述了国内外应用载体昆虫传递病原物防治植物病虫害的研究进展,内容主要包括载体昆虫和传递的病原物种类、在病虫害防治上的应用现状以及病原物携带与释放技术等,并就利用载体昆虫携带病原物开展生物防治所面临的问题进行了探讨和展望。

The biological control of plant diseases and insect pests by use of carrier insects to deliver pathogens is a new research field. Its rationale depends on the relationship of mutualism or niche overlap between carrier insects and pests.The main procedures consist of following stages： carrier insects searched for the pests,pathogens or natural enemy animals are delivered to the pests,the pests are infected or preyed,and the control objectives are realized. The research progress of the biological control by use of carrier insects at home and abroad were summarized in this paper. The contents included the species of the carrier insects,and delivered pathogens,the present application status in plant diseases and insect pests control,carrying and releasing technology of pathogens,and so on. The existing problems and future expectation were also discussed in the paper.