矿产品开发过程中生态环境负外部性评价方法

Evaluation Method of Negative Externality for Ecological Environment in the Exploitation of Mineral Products

矿产品开发对生态环境的影响是多方面的,这种影响主要包括大气、地表及地下环境3部分;由于生态环境质量涉及因素众多,关系复杂,难以开展较系统的定量的评价研究。在总结前人有关矿产品开发过程中造成生态环境损失数据的基础上,通过货币来衡量其负外部性的综合表现特征,利用系统工程分析原理将其划分为一个多层次、多指标的,逐步实现的综合评价过程,通过数据再分析与处理,结合层次分析法与指数法建立了负外部性综合评价模型(MEI),实现了对矿产品开发过程中生态环境负外部性量化评价,基本满足了矿产品开发所造成生态环境影响综合评价要求。

Generally ,there are varies kinds of effects of mining procedure on ecological environment ,including atmosphere environment ,surface environment and underground environment .Due to too many influential factors and their complex relationship between each other ,it＇s so difficult to make a comprehensive evaluation on the pollution losses in mining .Therefore ,based on the previous studies on environment loss during mining procedure , this paper presents a comprehensive method of multileveled multifactor assessment through system engineering analysis ,which indicated their negative externalities via detailed financial costs .Thus ,combined with analytic hierarchy process and index method ,the evaluation model （MEI） for negative externalities of mining environment has been established through data analysis and processing ,to implement the quantitative assessment of negative externalities in ecological environment in the course of exploitation of mineral products .The presented method proves capable of meeting the basic requirements for environment evaluation during mineral development .