广州市饮用水中双酚A及邻苯二甲酸酯的调查

Investigation of bisphenol A and phthalates in drinking water in Guangzhou

目的了解广州市饮用水中双酚A、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯的污染现状。方法于2014年的枯水期(1—2月)、春季平水期(3—4月)、丰水期(5—8月)和秋季平水期(9—10月),采集广州市现有7家市政水厂的水源水、出厂水及管网末梢水各28份,采用液相色谱-质谱法(LC/MS)进行双酚A(BPA)、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(DEP)和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)含量的测定。结果水源水、出厂水和管网末梢水全部水样的DBP含量超标,出厂水和管网末梢水全部水样的BPA和DEP含量达标,水源水中BPA和DEP均有检出;水源水丰水期BPA含量低于枯水期(P<0.05)和秋季平水期(P<0.01),水源水丰水期DEP含量低于秋季平水期(P<0.01);出厂水和管网末梢水中BPA含量均低于水源水(P<0.01),管网末梢水中DEP含量高于水源水(P<0.05),出厂水和管网末梢水中DBP含量均高于水源水(P<0.01)。结论广州市饮用水中DBP的含量较高,应结合不同水处理工艺采取控制措施。

Objective To understand the contaminative level of bisphenal A and phthalates pollution in drinking water in Guangzhou. Methods The source water samples （n=28）, finished water samples（n=28） and tap water samples （n=28） from seven municipal waterworks were collected in dry season, spring, wet season and autumn in 2014. The bisphenal A （BPA）, diethyl phthalate （DEP） and dibuty phthalate （DBP） in water samples were determined by LC/MS. Results The DBP levels in all the source water samples, finished water samples and tap water samples were not qualified, the levels of BPA and DEP in finished water samples and tap water samples met the standards,BPA and DEP were detected in source water; The level of BPA in source water in wet season was significantly lower than dry season （P〈0.05） and autumn （P〈0.01）, the levels of DEP in source water in wet season was significantly lower than autumn （P〈0.01）; The levels of BPA in finished water and tap water samples were significantly lower than the source water samples （P〈0.01）, the levels of DEP of tap water samples was significantly higher than the source water samples（P〈0.05）, the levels of DBP of finished water and tap water samples were significantly higher than the source water samples （P〈0.01）. Conclusion The concentration of DBP in drinking water is higher in Guangzhou and the control measures should be taken based on water treatment process.