头孢菌素制药行业水污染物特征成分谱解析

Characteristic water pollutants composition analysis for cephalosporin pharmaceutical industry

以某大型头孢菌素制药企业为研究对象,通过测定生产废水中常规污染物、金属污染物和有机污染物等,以开展水污染物的特征成分谱解析。结果表明,参照《发酵类制药工业水污染物排放标准》(GB 21903—2008)、《地表水环境质量标准》(GB3838—2002),发现头孢菌素制药行业的水污染物特征成分谱为挥发酚、COD、石油类、总氮、氨氮、总磷、Zn、Mn、Cr、Se、甲基异丁基酮、乙酸乙酯、四氢呋喃、甲苯、丙酮、二苯基甲醇、4-甲基苯酚、3-甲基苯酚、乙醇、苯酚、α-苯基苯甲醇乙酸酯、乙酸甲酯、苯甲酮等;头孢菌素制药废水中大部分金属以溶解态形式存在,但总体来说悬浮态金属的去除率比溶解态金属高;在该行业的水污染物减排工艺选择时,要关注总磷,总氮,溶解态Zn、Mn、Cr、Se的减排,并要考虑甲基异丁基酮、乙酸乙酯、四氢呋喃等难生物降解有机物的可去除性。

Foused on a large cephalosporin pharmaceutical company,the characteristic water pollutants composition was systemically analyzed by monitoring the conventional pollutants,metal pollutants and organic pollutants in the production wastewater.＂Water pollutants emission standards of fermentation pharmacy industry＂（GB 21903-2008）and＂Environmental quality standards for surface water＂（GB 3838-2002）were refered.Results showed that the characteristic water pollutants were volatized phenols,chemical oxygen demand,total nitrogen,ammonia nitrogen,total phosphorus,zinc,manganese,chromium,selenium,methyl isobutyl ketone,ethyl acetate,tetrahydrofuran,toluene,acetone,benzhydrol,4-methyl-phenol,3-methyl-phenol,phenol,ethanol,alpha.-phenyl-benzenemethanol acetate,acetic acid methyl ester,benzophenone and so on.Most metals were existed in dissolved form,but the removal rates of particulate metals were higher than dissolved metals.The emission reduction of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and dissolved zinc,manganese,chromium,selenium should be concerned when the emission reduction technologies were chosen.And the wastewater treatment processes should be optimized aimed at the removal of methyl isobutyl ketone,ethyl acetate,tetrahydrofuran,etc.