新《环境保护法》的亮点、不足与展望

The highlights,lacks and prospects of the new “Environmental Protection Law”

十二届全国人大常委会第八次会议表决通过了修订后的《环境保护法》,是中国环境法治建设的重要成就。新《环境保护法》与原《环境保护法》相比具有诸多亮点,如体现和贯彻了"保护优先"的理念,规定了生态保护红线制度、环境与健康监测调查和风险评估制度,明确了环境公益诉讼原告,规定了按日处罚制度。但也存在一些不足之处,如新《环境保护法》仍属管理法而非权利法、没有触及环境保护监督管理体制、环境保护法律体系缺乏合理协调、立法技术不够完善等。今后《环境保护法》的发展应注重从管理法向权利法转变、强化地方监管和建立区域性监管、协调环境保护法律体系。

The revised ＂Environmental Protection Law＂has been adopted by vote on Eighth Meeting of the Twelfth China People＇s Congress Standing Committee.This was an important achievement of Chinese environmental law construction.The new law has a lot of bright spots compared with the original＂Environmental Protection Law＂,such as embodys the concept of the＂conservation priority＂,provides red system of ecological protection,environmental and health monitoring,investigation and risk assessment system,clears plaintiff of environmental public interest litigation,provides daily penalty system.However,there are some shortcomings,such as the new law is still management act rather than the rights law,not change in environmental supervision and management system,lacks reasonable coordination environmental protection legal system,not perfect of legislative and other technology,etc.In the future,development of the＂Environmental Protection Law＂should focus on the transition from the management law to the rights law,strengthening local regulation and the establishment of regional supervision,coordination of environmental legal system.