基于“压力—状态—响应”机制的济宁市农业面源污染研究

Research on agricultural non-point source pollution in Jining City based on Pressure-State-Response concept

运用清单分析、等标污染负荷和聚类分析等方法对济宁市农业面源污染进行了综合分析与评价,以明确济宁市农业面源污染状况及特征,有针对性地采取合理的污染防治措施。结果表明,济宁市农业面源污染中最主要的污染源为畜禽养殖,最主要的污染物为TN。2011年济宁市农业面源污染造成的综合水质指数平均值为1.73,达到轻度污染水平。梁山县、兖州市处于高压、高敏感区,是全市农业面源污染防治的重点区域。济宁东部农业面源污染中度敏感区是占整个控制区比例最高的区域,畜禽养殖是中度敏感区的重点污染源;复合污染型是全市农业面源污染治理中最为困难的类型。针对污染现状及类型,提出了一系列有针对性的控制对策。

In order to clarify the status and characteristics of agricultural non-point source pollution（ANPSP）and to take relevant reasonable pollution prevention measures,this paper applied inventory analysis,equivalent standard load and cluster analysis methods to analyze and evaluate ANPSP of Jining City.The results showed that the most important pollution source was livestock and poultry breeding while the most important pollutant was TN.The mean value of comprehensive water quality index of Jining City was 1.73,reaching the mild pollution level.Liangshan County,Yanzhou City were located in high pressure and highly sensitive areas,and they were the key areas of ANPSP prevention;ANPSP moderately sensitive areas in the eastern part of Jining City had the highest proportion in whole control area,and livestock and poultry breeding was the key pollutant source in moderately sensitive areas.Compound pollution was one type of ANPSP which was most difficult to control in Jining City.Aiming at the pollution status and types of Jining City,this paper put forward some targeted control strategies.