论南非种族隔离制度终结的原因——基于恩格斯的“合力论”

On the Reasons for the End of Apartheid in South Africa——Based on Engels' “Joint Forces Theory”

南非种族隔离制度的终结作为一种社会历史结果是各种力量"合力"的产物:美苏冷战的终结与国际社会对南非的制裁在国际体系层面上推动了南非种族隔离制度的终结;种族隔离制度的内在矛盾与非白人群体的斗争在国家层面上推动了南非种族隔离制度的终结;而南非总统德克勒克与黑人领袖纳尔逊·曼德拉在个人层面上推动了南非种族隔离制度的终结。

As a result of social history, the end of apartheid in South Africa was the ＂joint＂ product of a variety of forces ： at in- ternational level, it is because of the end of the Cold War between the USA and the Soviet Union and the sanctions of international society against South Africa; at national level, it is due to the internal contradictions of apartheid and the struggles of non- white population against apartheid ; at personal level, it owe to Frederik Willem de Klerk, President of South Africa, and Nelson Man- dela, the famous black leader, to promote the end of apartheid in South Africa.