文学经典与动物认知——当代西方生态文学中的动物叙事析解

Literary Classics and Animal Cognition——Analysis on Animals' Narrative in Contemporary Western Ecological Literature

当代西方生态文学是在生态思潮和伦理变革的张力中发展的。西方生态文学在与动物伦理、生态中心主义的碰撞与融合中,逐渐建构起动物叙事的生态维度。当代西方生态文学主要呈现出两种类型,即人与动物冲突型和人与动物亲近型。作家们通过人与动物的冲突或亲近,揭示出人类中心主义立场与生态整体主义、人类伦理与动物伦理的矛盾衍生及变化过程,由此深入到伦理道德的层面来反思当今的生态危机。

Contemporary western ecological literature has developed in the change of ecological thought and ethical tension. West- ern ecological literature in the collision and fusion with the animal ethics egocentrism gradually construct the ecological dimension of the animal narrative. Contemporary western ecological literature shapes the two types, that is, the conflict type between man and animal and the close type between man and animal. From the conflict or close to people and animals, the writers reveal the contradiction between the derivative and changes in the process of the position of anthropocentrism and eeo - holism, human ethics and animal ethics, which reflect today＇ s ecological crisis from in - depth level of ethics to its surface.