东莞市厚街镇儿童预防接种服务现况分析

Vaccination services at Houjie, Dongguan

目的了解厚街镇儿童预防接种服务现况。方法采用分层随机抽样的方法，以东莞市厚街镇0—6岁儿童家长作为研究对象，开展面对面问卷调查。结果共调查422人，儿童一类疫苗基础免疫和加强免疫接种率均保持在90％以上，候诊时间长是儿童获取预防接种服务的主要困难；家长更倾向于专业化、专题化的方式获得预防接种相关知识；通过Logistic回归分析发现，家长年龄（OR=1．88，缈彩CI：1．04—3．43）、累积居住时间（OR=6．25，95%CI：2．48—15．77）和预防接种服务便利性（OR=0．17，95%CI：0．09—0．35）是儿童预防接种服务满意度的影响因素。结论大部分家长对社区预防接种服务持较正面的评价；加强健康教育、完善预防接种地点的设置和提高预防接种的便利性，可进一步提高预防接种服务水平。

Objective To explore the situation of vaccine service for children at Houjie. Methods Stratified random sampling was used to choose the parents of 0-6 years old children from 5 vaccination clinic at Houjie as study objects for face to face questionnaire. SPSS 16.0 statistical software was used for data analysis. Results 422 parents were surveyed. Over 90.0% children took basic and strengthened immunization. Long waiting time was the main difficulty obtaining vaccination services for children. The parents were more likely to received vaccination knowledge from specific resources such as the vaccination clinics and the doctors. Logistic regression analysis showed that parental age （OR=1.88, 95% CI： 1.04-3.43）, cumulative residence time （OR=6.25, 95% CI： 2.48-15.77）, and the convenience of vaccination service （OR=0.17, 95% CI： 0.09-0.35） were the significant factors affecting the satisfaction of childhood vaccination service. Conclusions Most parents have positive evaluation on vaccination service. Strengthening health education, improving the setting of vaccination outpatients, and increasing the efficiency of vaccination can promote the levels of vaccination service.