自我效能理论在高血压患者健康教育中的应用效果研究

Self-efficacy theory for hypertensive patients＇ health-education

目的 探讨自我效能理论在高血压患者健康宣教中的应用效果。方法采用随机、对照的临床试验设计，将2014年1月至2014年8月我科住院的高血压患者100例随机分为观察组50例和对照组50例。观察组实施以自我效能理论为指导的健康教育，对照组实施一般健康教育，比较两组患者干预前后自我效能的差异，以及不同年龄患者干预前后自我效能的差异和不同文化水平患者干预前后自我效能的差异。结果两组患者干预前后自我效能比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；不同年龄患者干预前后自我效能的比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）；不同文化水平患者干预前后自我效能的比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论增强高血压患者的自我效能，引导患者积极参与，自觉配合，主动改变不合理的工作与生活方式，对于控制血压水平，延缓疾病的发展，提高患者的生活质量有着重要的意义。

Objective To observe the effect of self-efficacy theory for hypertensive patients＇ health-education. Methods 100 hypertensive patients hospitalized into our department from January to August, 2014 were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 50 cases for each group. The observation group took health education being guided by self-efficacy theory, while the control group regular health education. The differences in self-efficacy between the two groups, between different age groups, and between the groups with different education levels were compared before and after the intervention. Results There were statistical differences in self-efficacy between before and after the intervention in both groups, between different age groups, and between the groups with different education levels（P 〈0.01）.Conclusion Improving the patients＇ self-efficacy, guiding them taking part in, and changing the unreasonable ways of work and life positively have important significance in controlling blood pressure, delaying the disease＇s development, and improving their life quality.